1860 United States Federal Census

The first and second wave of Swedish emigration to America ended with the American Civil War. The next wave of Swedish emigration began in 1866 and it was a tidal wave.  Those Swedes that arrived after the Civil War had a substantially different experience:

• they arrived from an expanding geographic base that soon reached Sweden's urban areas,
• they typically arrived aboard steamers rather than on sailing ships, 
• they could emigrate during the entire year (not just the spring/summer departures of sailing ships),
• their voyages saw fewer deaths,
• they often had friends or family awaiting their arrival in the area,
• they arrived to an America that was becoming accustomed to Swedes.

The early Swedish settlers included in these lists paved the way for the Swedish community that would develop in our area in the second half of the nineteenth century.

1860 Warren County, Pennsylvania 



1860 Chautauqua County, New York (Busti-Ellicott)



1860 Chautauqua County, New York (Ellington-Westfield)








This census includes nearly a thousand (980+) Swedish immigrants and their Swedish-American children. Additional statistical analysis will follow.